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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is among the most prevalent mental health issues which affects more than 40 million people in the United States. It's extremely treatable with various types of medication available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Unlike benzodiazepines, they're not addictive.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety medication is selective serotonin inhibits (SSRIs) which include citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These drugs also treat depression and can alleviate the symptoms of anxiety disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It could take up to one month for them to begin working.

They work by increasing the levels of certain chemical messengers in the brain, including serotonin and norepinephrine. They're typically the first treatment for anxiety near me option for anxiety, but doctors may also prescribe other kinds of antidepressants as well as benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants such as duloxetine, (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine, (Effexor) are also used for anxiety. They function a bit differently than SSRIs, as they also reduce the reabsorption of norepinephrine as well as serotonin, although at lower levels than SSRIs. These medicines take a long time to take effect and are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), such as imipramine (Tofranil) can be effective in treating some anxiety disorders, including GAD. However their drowsiness and other adverse effects make them less popular. Another kind of antidepressant, monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs), can also be used to treat anxiety. Their high risk of toxicity and the restriction on dietary intake restrict their use.

Benzodiazepines can be used to combat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term in the meantime, while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These medications can cause tolerance addiction, sedation, and withdrawal reactions that include rebound depression, anxiety and even delirium. Benzodiazepines are commonly found in alprazolam, clonazepam, and lorazepam.

Therapy is a crucial component of an anxiety treatment plan because it allows you to learn more about your symptoms and their causes. Many people find that both therapy and medication aid them manage their anxiety. Certain studies have proven that cognitive behavioral therapy is as effective as anxiety medications. Talk to your doctor about your options and what might be best for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines can have a calming effect that reduces anxiety and relaxes muscles that are tense. They also alleviate symptoms of fear-related bodily arousal (like heart racing and shaking) and promote sleep.

They work by binding to inhibitory neurons, for example GABA or gamma aminobutryic acid at receptors in the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by facilitating the inhibitory effects of GABA on other neurotransmitters and decreasing the amount of messages sent to amygdala. It is a part of the brain that is able to detect the threat and triggers a feeling of anxiety.

These drugs can be used for short periods of time for instance, when panic attacks occur or if you are experiencing severe anxiety. They can help relieve symptoms in 30 to 60 minutes. Benzodiazepines, unlike SSRIs do not stay in the body long. They're quick-acting and typically work in a matter of hours, making them suitable for situations when you require quick relief (like during a flight or before giving an address in public).

They are addictive, which is why it is recommended to only prescribe them for up to 4 weeks at each time. They also lose effectiveness after a certain period of time.

One of the main reasons benzodiazepines became so popular is that they worked and had a few adverse effects, when compared to their predecessors, such as meprobamate and barbiturates. They are efficient and have a rapid onset and can be used as anxiolytics in order to reduce anxiety. They can also be employed as sedatives, anticonvulsants, and muscle relaxants.

Benzos have been blamed for the negative perceptions of anxiety that developed in the 1970s and 1980s, including the trivialization of the disorder and the belief that benzodiazepine self treatment for anxiety can lead to physical dependence. Despite this, they continue to play a crucial role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, specifically when used in conjunction with psychosocial interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos can interact with other medications and cause undesirable side effects, like drowsiness or confusion. You should tell your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription, or herbal medication you currently use or plan to take. Check the British National Formulary A to Z list of interactions with medications to determine which medications are safe when taken with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants are effective in treating anxiety and other mental disorders. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved a variety of antidepressants for other health conditions, too, such as eating disorders, certain types of pain and bipolar disorder.

The majority of doctors prescribe SSRIs as the first-line treatment for anxiety, but these drugs may not be appropriate for everyone. If these antidepressants aren't working the doctor might suggest an older type known as a tetracyclic, or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline and nortriptyline, clomipramine and trimipramine, doxepin and dothiepin or imipramine. They're less common than newer antidepressants, yet they're still available. Your doctor can also prescribe the antidepressant that sedates, Trazodone (Desyrel) at lower doses for anxiety or sleep.

Other antidepressants that can aid are nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). They're also available in generic forms. If they aren't working, your physician may suggest the tranquilizing antidepressant mirtazapine (Remeron) or the antipsychotics quetiapine or olanzapine.

Beta blockers are used to treat other anxiety disorders. They reduce heart rate and blood pressure by blocking adrenaline. These drugs aren't commonly used to treat generalized anxiety disorder anxiety on their own however they can be helpful when used in conjunction with psychotherapy.

Psychological therapy can help you to change negative thoughts and behavior patterns that contribute to your anxiety. It can help you manage your anxiety and teach you how to cope. Based on your specific condition, you might be treated with exposure or cognitive behavioural therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps you to confront fears and thoughts that are harmful, and overcome your avoidance of situations which trigger anxiety. Exposure therapy involves gradually increasing the severity of anxiety-inducing situations until are able to manage them. This can be done individually or in smaller groups. In both instances, results will take time to manifest. A combination of medication and psychotherapy therapy is the best choice for some people. Some people find that meds alone are sufficient to control their symptoms. Tell your doctor how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medications

Other medications can also help alleviate your symptoms. Antihistamines, beta blockers, and buspirone are all prescribed to alleviate anxiety.

These drugs correct an imbalance in the brain's chemicals and can alleviate your symptoms by reducing or blocking the signals that cause you stress and fear. However, they'ren't a cure all. You'll still need to do other things to manage your anxiety, including physical exercise, relaxation techniques, and psychological therapy.

Your doctor could initially prescribe one of the "first choice" anxiety medication, which includes SSRIs and SNRIs. According to research, these medications are the most effective for treating anxiety disorders. SSRIs are commonly found in sertraline (Zoloft) as well as fluoxetine, citalopram, and escitalopram. These medications may have mild side effects, like insomnia or nausea, but they typically subside within 4-8 weeks. They aren't addictive, and they do not increase the likelihood of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines alprazolam (Xanax) as well as Clonazepam (Klonopin), and diazepoxide (Valium) provide immediate relief for panic attacks and anxiety However, they can cause side effects, including drowsiness, dizziness, memory and coordination issues, as well as dependence. These are less popular than the older barbiturates, but they are equally effective.

Antihistamines like Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were originally designed to help with allergies. However they can also be used to alleviate anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine has a calming effect by blocking the histamine receptors. It's not a controlled substance, so it doesn't have the same dangers of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Another type of medication that may help with anxiety is a class called anticonvulsants. They've been shown to ease anxiety by affecting the production and release of serotonin and dopamine. They can be prescribed in combination with other drugs or as a temporary treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will assess your health history and symptoms to determine if these medicines are suitable for you. They'll also talk about how long you should take them and any possible negative side effects. Anxiety medications are only available on prescription, so you'll need to visit a psychiatrist to get them.