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Medications to Treat Anxiety

Therapy is the most effective treatment for anxiety, occasionally a short course of medication is necessary. Antidepressants and tranquilizers are among the medications that can be used to combat anxiety.

SSRI antidepressants, such as citalopram (Celexa), the escitalopram (Lexapro) and sertraline (Zoloft), improve the communication between nerve cells in the brain and can reduce anxiety. SNRIs, that target serotonin and norepinephrine can also be effective.

SSRIs

SSRIs are often the first medication prescribed by doctors to treat anxiety disorders. They prevent nerve cell re-absorption of serotonin in the brain, a substance that is essential for regulating mood. It takes time for the medication to be effective however, people typically start to feel better after about 4 to six weeks. SSRIs aren't habit-forming and will not cause addiction, which means they can be used for longer durations of time.

Another type of antidepressant, SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), also treats depression and anxiety. Examples of SNRIs include citalopram (Celexa) as well as the escitalopram (Lexapro) and the fluoxetine (Prozac) and paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). Tricyclic antidepressants, such as imipramine (Tofranil) and the doxepine (Anxiety Disorder Stimulant) also treat depression and anxiety. Mirtazapine is a new antidepressant is sometimes used to treat anxiety disorders.

Doctors aren't sure the function of SNRIs and SSRIs however they do know that they boost the activity of certain chemical messengers referred to as neurotransmitters within the brain. They prevent the brain from reabsorbing chemicals and permit these chemicals to interact with receptors.

SSRIs are used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, GAD; obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD; panic disorder/agoraphobia; and posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD. They can also be helpful for bulimia, though it is not as common.

People with anxiety who do not respond to SSRIs might be prescribed an atypical antipsychotic drug. Examples include quetiapine (Abilify) and aripiprazole (Risperdal). These drugs decrease anxiety in those suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder. They are usually prescribed in conjunction with an antidepressant and have a lower risk of serious side effects than other types of antipsychotics.

Beta-blockers, also known as beta-blockers, can be used to combat anxiety and are frequently prescribed for heart ailments. Propranolol and Atenolol are two examples. They can aid in reducing the physical symptoms of anxiety, specifically for people with social anxiety disorder. They can be helpful in reducing anxiety, particularly prior to or following surgery. Benzodiazepines, like lorazepam and Ativan (Ativan), can be used when other medications don't work. However, benzodiazepines create a habit and may be addictive.

SNRIs

SNRIs are an antidepressant medication that is typically prescribed to treat anxiety. They work similarly to SSRIs however, they increase the availability of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain. They are therefore more effective in treating certain anxiety disorders, such as social anxiety disorder and anxiety panic disorder. They are most effective when used in conjunction with other holistic treatment for anxiety strategies and therapy.

Unlike benzodiazepines SNRIs don't cause dependence or addiction in the majority of people. However, some patients may experience withdrawal when discontinuing the medication after a lengthy period of use. It is essential to speak with your physician prior to stopping any medication.

Neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine regulate stress and mood. Specifically, they play an important part in the fight or flight response that a large portion of people suffering from anxiety experiences. By blocking the reuptake process, SNRIs block nerve cells from quickly absorbing these neurotransmitters. By doing so they help keep these chemicals in the brain for longer, and, as a result they are able to improve mood and reduce feelings of anxiety or even aid in reducing symptoms of panic attacks.

Norepinephrine is also crucial in anxiety due to its ability to activate the amygdala which is a nebulous and fundamental part of the brain that is linked with fear-related behavior. SNRIs reduce the activity of this area of the brain. This can improve mood, anxiety and even reduce panic attacks.

These drugs are extremely beneficial however, they may increase suicidal behavior in certain people. Due to this, they are usually prescribed in higher doses for a brief time. In addition, these medications can interact with several other drugs and substances. It is important to inform your doctor if you are taking any other prescriptions or over-the counter medication. Also keep them informed of any underlying conditions like heart issues and bleeding disorders. Be aware that some patients report adverse reactions to SNRIs such as dry mouth and nausea.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines -- or benzos or benzos, as they're commonly referred to -- are quick-acting medications that reduce anxiety and anxiety-related symptoms, like insomnia and muscle tension. Certain people suffering from anxiety disorders, such as social anxiety or panic disorder may find them useful, especially if they have not had success with other treatments like SSRIs and psychotherapy. They can also be utilized as a temporary solution while you wait for your antidepressant medication take effect. The medications diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan) are the most common benzos, but other options include clonazepam (Rivotril) as well as temazepam (Restoril) and flurazepam (Dalmane).

They typically begin working within 30 minutes due to the fact that they are quick-acting. These medications don't last very long in the body, so you should take them on a regular basis to get the benefits. Benzos should not be used for long periods as they can lead to physical dependence and addiction. Benzos should not be taken by people suffering from anxiety or depression as they may increase the risk.

People who take benzos for long periods of time, without medical supervision and often without the advice of a doctor, could develop a condition known as sedative-use disorders, which can include withdrawal symptoms and addiction. It is not common for those who take benzos as prescribed to develop this condition however. Misuse of benzos usually results from other factors like alcoholism or depression.

Taking benzodiazepines for the long term can also cause tolerance to their effects of sedation. Tolerance means you require more medication to get the same results. This may cause respiratory depression, or even death. Even if you are taking benzodiazepines for a prolonged period of time, it is essential to follow the prescription.

Other Medicines

SSRIs and SNRIs will be the primary medication prescribed by doctors to treat anxiety. They affect serotonin, which influences mood as well as appetite and sleep. They can be slow to begin effect, ranging from to 12 weeks, and can cause some adverse effects such as nausea or insomnia. SSRIs can also be used to treat mental disorders like depression, panic disorder, and obsessive compulsive disorder. Contrary to benzodiazepines, antidepressants do not cause physical dependence. However, they could cause withdrawal symptoms when abruptly stopped.

Medications in this class include sertraline (Zoloft) as well as fluoroquinol (Prozac) and citalopram (Celexa). They can be used as a stand-alone treatment or in combination with therapy. Antidepressants are prescribed by psychologists, psychiatrists or family physicians with special training in the management of medications.

Doctors may prescribe a class called monoamine-oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) as an antidepressant. They block the actions of enzymes that break chemicals down, such as dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine. MAOIs may take three or four weeks to work but they're not as fast-acting as SSRIs.

Clonidine is another drug that can be used to control anxiety. It is typically used to treat anxiety, but it is also used to control blood pressure. Its effectiveness is limited due to side effects such as hypotension and sedation. Doctors may prescribe antihistamines, such as hydroxyzine, medicine to treat anxiety and depression help reduce the symptoms of anxiety and panic attacks. They may also decrease the effectiveness of benzodiazepines for certain patients.

Anxiety is often treated with a combination of psychotherapy, exercise and medication. The most effective approach is working with a therapist who specializes in treating anxiety disorders. They can assist you in identifying the underlying causes for your anxiety and suggest ways to manage it without medication if required. Other options for treating anxiety that do not require medication include eye movement desensitization, mindfulness meditation, reprocessing and trauma-informed yoga. Talk to your therapist about How To Treat Anxiety Attacks to determine the best options for you. Psychiatrists are trained to evaluate your medical history and symptoms and develop an anxiety treatment plan that is suitable for you. They will take into consideration your particular medical history and preferences when preparing this plan and make adjustments as needed.